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Renaud (opera)
''Renaud'' is an opera by Antonio Sacchini, first performed on 28 February 1783 by the Académie Royale de Musique at the Théâtre de la Porte Saint-Martin in Paris. It takes the form of a ''tragédie lyrique'' in three acts. The French libretto, by Jean-Joseph Lebœuf,〔Or Le Bœuf〕 is based on Cantos XVII and XX of Torquato Tasso's epic poem ''Gerusalemme liberata'' and, more directly, on the five-act tragedy by Simon-Joseph Pellegrin, ''Renaud, ou La suite d'Armide'', which had been set to music by Henri Desmarets in 1722 and was intended as a sequel to Lully's famous opera ''Armide''. According to Théodore de Lajarte, Lebœuf was helped by Nicolas-Étienne Framery, the regular translator of Sacchini's libretti.〔Lajarte, p. 333〕
==Performance history==
The premiere took place on 28 February 1783 at the Académie Royale de Musique (Salle du Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin) in Paris, with Sacchini's patron Queen Marie-Antoinette among the audience.〔The queen, to whom Sacchini had been recommended by her brother Joseph II, also attended the fourth performance when the prima donna Levasseur handed over the role of Armide to Antoinette Cécile de Saint-Huberty (Lajarte, p. 333)〕 The choreography was by Maximilien Gardel and the cast contained some of the stars of the Académie, including the ''haute-contre'' Joseph Legros and the soprano Rosalie Levasseur as Renaud and Armide. These would be the last roles they would play.〔Pitou〕
''Renaud'' marked Sacchini's debut at the Académie Royale. His friend Framery, a great admirer of Italian music, had persuaded him to move from London to Paris. Sacchini had also accumulated a lot of debts in London which made life difficult for him there. It was not the first time Sacchini had written an opera on a story taken from Tasso: he had set Jacopo Durandi's libretto ''Armida'' to music in Milan in 1772 and had reworked the opera, under the new title ''Rinaldo'', for London in 1780. But the events in these operas merely serve as the background to the action of ''Renaud''.〔Blanchetti, ''Dizionario dell'opera''.〕
The opera was a success, "thanks above all to Sacchini's score, which contains some superb passages" 〔 and was performed 51 times over the next two years. It was played another 76 times between 1789 and 1795 and finally enjoyed a brief revival in 1815. The opera had 130 performances all told before it left the repertoire for good.〔Pitou, p. 463〕
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